Boiler Tube Standard Specifications
Sunny Steel has an extensive range of boiler and stay tubes available to meet your boiler tube requirements no matter how demanding.
GB
Chinese National standards
- GB 3087: Seamless steel tubes for low and medium pressure boiler
- GB 5310: Seamless steel tube for high pressure boiler
- GB 13296: Seamless steel tubes for boilers and heat exchangers
- GB 6479: Seamless steel tubes for high-pressure chemical fertilizer equipment
- GB 9948: Seamless steel tubes for petroleum cracking
ASME
American society of mechanical engineers
- ASME SA-106: Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
- ASME SA-192M: Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High Pressure
- ASME SA-209M: Seamless carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
- ASME SA-210M: Seamless Medium-carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
- ASME SA-213M: Seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater and heat exchanger tubes
- ASME SA178: Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater
ASTM
Chinese National standards
- ASTM A213: Seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater and heat exchanger tubes
- SA213-T2: ASME SA213 T2 has allowable stresses listed up to 1000F in the ASME Boiler Code.
- SA213-T9
- SA213-T12: Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger Tubes.
- SA213-T11: The tubes are used in heat exchangers, super heaters and in boilers.
- SA213-T22: ASM T22 Boiler Tube is a high temperature tolerance tube that is used in acidic and corrosive environments such as the hydrochloric processing and in aluminum chloride catalyst involving applications.
- ASTM A 106M: Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
- ASTM A192M: Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High Pressure
- ASTM A210M: Seamless Medium-carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
- ASTM A 335M: Seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service
EN
Deutsche industrie normen
- EN 10216-2 : Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes
DIN
Deutsche industrie normen
DIN 17175:Seamless Tubes of Heat-resistant Steels - Technical Conditions of Delivery
JIS
Japanese industrial standards
- JIS G3461: Carbon steel boiler and heat exchanger tubes
- JIS G3462: Alloy steel boiler and heat exchanger tubes
- JIS G3463: Stainless Steel for Boiler and Heat Exchanger Tubes
STAINLESS STEELS
– Austenitic stainless steels
SA213-T304:
– The SA 213 Tp 304 Material consists of 18% chromium and carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon and nickel in the composition.
SA213 TP304 is a range of minimum wall thickness pipe series. We supply the SA 213 TP 304 Pipes in different types, shapes and sizes. The SA 213 Tp 304 Material consists of 18% chromium and carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon and nickel in the composition. There is also the molybdenum, nitrogen, niobium and titanium addition in trace quantities. The SA 213 Tp 304 Density is lower than the ordinary 304 material. It is 7.8 grams per cubic centimeter. We offer ASTM A213 TP 304 for high temperature services. Our 304 Stainless Steel Tube components are of less absolute roughness which means they could be used in high precision equipment and applications.
Austenitic stainless steels are presented in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code with two sets of allowable stresses. The reason for this is their relatively low yield strength. The higher allowable stress values were determined at temperatures where the usage would be restricted by the short-time tensile properties.
The higher stresses exceed 62-1/2%, but do not exceed 90% of the yield strength. At these stresses, small amounts of plastic deformation can be expected. These higher stress values are usually used for super-heater and reheater tubing.
The Boiler Code lists maximum allowable stresses for varying temperatures depending on the individual austenitic stainless grade.
Variations of this 18 chromium, 8 nickel grade include 304L, 304LN, 304H and 304N. Each of these offers excellent corrosion and oxidation resistance along with high strength.
High strengths are maintained in the low carbon grades by controlling the nitrogen content.
T304 has higher carbon and a minimum solution annealing temperature to assure good long-time elevated temperature strengths. T304 grades are limited to 1650F under oxidizing conditions. Section I of the ASME Boiler Code lists allowable stresses up to 1500F.
SA213-T316:
– SA213 TP316 Tube is a material standard for heat exchanger tubes that are made from 316 austenitic stainless steel.
The chromium nickel alloy also has molybdenum in its composition which makes it more corrosion resistant and heat resistant than the 304 material. ASME SA213 TP316 is the second most used pipe material in the world next to the 304 material. ASTM A213 TP316 Tube is an austenitic stainless steel but the 213 standard covers both the austenitic and ferritic steels.
Sunny Steel is a supplier of ASTM A213 Grade TP316 products in different standards and sizes. Our 316 Stainless Steel Tube can come with different finishing such as the 316 Stainless Steel Tubing Polished or electropolished. We also provide the pipes in different shapes such the round, rectangular or Stainless Steel 316 Square Tube. The square and 316 Stainless Steel Rectangular Tube is usually used in high pressure applications to withstand the pressure stress at change of directions. The Stainless Steel 316 Seamless Tube is more accurate in dimensions and therefore it is used in high precision applications. Our 316 Stainless Steel Exhaust Tubing is of high quality and can withstand high temperatures; it is used in exhausts, heat exchangers and super heaters. The 316 Stainless Steel Heavy Wall Tubing is used in high pressure applications such as hydraulic systems. Our SS 316 Welded Tube is easy to weld upon. We supply 316 Stainless Steel Welded Tube for affordable prices in different sizes and schedules. Please contact us for further details and pricing.
SA213-TP321 & 347:
– SA213 TP321 is a specification of heat exchanger tubes that are made from the 321 austenitic stainless steel.
SA213 TP321 is a specification of heat exchanger tubes that are made from the 321 austenitic stainless steel. The SA 213 specifies pipe products for heat exchangers in different material grades, both the ferritic and austenitic steels.
Sunny Steel is a supplier of all kinds of stainless steel pipes. The SA213 Tp321 Material is special in that the composition includes titanium which reduces the density of the ASME SA213 Tp321 and therefore making it lightweight.
T321 and 347 are variations of T304 and have comparable minimum tensile properties. These two grades are stabilized with additions of titanium and columbian respectively, along with proper heat treatment.
To insure good long-time strength at elevated temperatures, T321H and 347H-like 304H-were developed with higher carbon contents and specified minimum solution annealing temperatures.
Of all the stainless steels, T309 (25 chromium, 13 nickel) and T310 (25 chromium, 20 nickel) offer the maximum resistance to oxidation and corrosion. They also offer good high-temperature properties. Since these steels contain ferrite, however, they are more susceptible to sigma phase.
Quality Assurance
We have capability and capacity to ensure boiler tube in superior condition, with advanced inspection and testing procedures, standard tests include dimensional examination, visual checking, chemical composition, mechanical properties as well as non destructive test 100% eddy current test.
Fire Tube Boiler
Fire-tube boiler is a type of boiler in which hot gas passes from the fire through one or more pipes that pass through a sealed water container. The heat of the gas is transferred through the wall of the tube through heat conduction, heating the water and eventually generating steam. Fire tube boilers are the third of the four historical types of boilers: low-pressure tank or “haystack” boilers, flue boilers with one or two large flues, fire tube boilers and high-pressure boilers with many small tubes
Water Tube Boiler
Water tube boiler is a type of boiler in which water circulates in tubes heated externally by the fire. The fuel is burned in the furnace to produce hot gas, which heats the water in the steam generation tube. In smaller boilers, the additional power generation tubes are separated in the furnace, while larger utility boilers rely on water injection tubes that make up the furnace wall to generate steam. High-pressure water tube boiler: The hot water then rises into the steam drum. Here, saturated steam is drawn away from the top of the drum
Main products and applications
Boiler tube is installed inside boiler to heat water in order to generate steam, boiler is a closed pressure vessel designed in varieties of types, water tube boiler and fire tube boiler are main types.
- Welded boiler tubes can be supplied from stock to suit your needs
- Hot finished boiler tubes can be supplied from new production
- We can arrange cutting, deburring and testing
- Boiler tubes can be swaged/bulged to suit your requirements
- Shipping can be arranged worldwide
- Stock lengths ranging from 10200-12250mm
Process flowchart
Available size range of boiler tube
Boiler pipe size range complied with the different ASTM standard required. Like ASTM A106 or ASTM 179, 192 etc.
Straightness of boiler tubes :
Allowed straightness is 0.0015 multiple of the tube length, for 1 meter length the allowed straightness is 3 millimeters.
Seamless boiler tubes surface protection: While ordering, it is necessary to agree upon the method and means of temporarily protecting the surface of the tubes during transportation and storage.
Boiler tubing is used in these industries
Sunny steel are instrumental in offering our clients with a wide range of Boiler Tubes that is used in varied industrial applications. We also undertake customization of these tubes to meet the specific requirements of our clients. These Boiler Tubes are known for their resistance to corrosion and tolerance for withstanding temperature variations.
Boiler tubing is used in these industries:
- Steam Boilers
- Power Generation
- Fossil Fuel Plants
- Electric Power Plants
- Industrial Processing Plants
- Cogeneration Facilities
Boiler tubes need to withstand high pressure and temperature.
Sunny Steel’s state-of-the-art manufacturing processes and advanced inspection and testing procedures ensure our boiler tube stand up to the harsh environments.
Boiler tube FAQs
Boiler tubes are used in fire-tube boiler, a type of boiler in which hot gases from a fire pass through one or more tubes running through a sealed container of water.
How to get rid of surface stains of cracking tube
How to get rid of surface stains of cracking tube follow the steps below:
The first step is to clean, we must first petroleum cracking tube surface oil, dirt, grease, and some other substances removed. The second step is naturally acid, generally speaking, there are two pickling treatment, a chemical treatment, another treatment method is electrolysis, which can be handled in two ways petroleum cracking tube surface cleaning clean, but chemical pickling is a pipeline anti-corrosion measures.
The third step is necessary to use the tool to the surface of the oil cracking pipe polished, although the effect may not be very good polish, but this procedure is also indispensable. The final step is to make the surface of petroleum cracking tube jet, one can remove some of the dirt, the second is to make the roughness of petroleum cracking tube more evenly.
For petroleum cracking tube defects formed on the surface there are many, but certainly there are a lot of different reasons, the specific form of the crack is different, often found defective for its appearance on petroleum cracking tube we can see, the main reason for its main form by the following points. In fact, for the production process, the emergence of various drying phenomena of its raw materials for steelmaking summer rainy season or when it will produce up to steel gas content's sake.
In the process, the ingot when heated due to heating of the air bubbles are burned through, it will have more cracks after the rolling, which will meet the petroleum cracking tube relatively thin, dense and sizes, its length ranging from cracks, these things collectively referred to as hairline, this is a defect. So the cause of the surface oil cracking tube defects are many, so we have to remedy. After oil cracking pipe handling, appearance becomes smoother, more beautiful. Although after the rust will not affect the use again, but if we do the work in advance, so do not bother it. We buy petroleum cracking tube among the first to note that it is not a strong corrosion resistance, have a longer life does not have to select a high-quality petroleum cracking pipe products that can reduce our future work a lot of trouble.
Small diameter high-pressure boiler tube surface defects that affect the quality, mainly due to waste generation.
Boiler pipes often in high temperature and high pressure work, pipe smoke and water at high temperature steam oxidation and corrosion effects will occur, thus requiring durable steel with high strength, high oxidation resistance, and good organizational stability, high pressure boiler tube in addition to chemical composition and mechanical properties, hydrostatic testing done by the root, to be flaring, flattening test. Steel to heat treatment delivery. In addition, the finished steel microstructure, grain size, there are certain requirements decarburization.
High-pressure boiler tubes are seamless steel pipe categories. Seamless same manufacturing method, but used in the manufacture of steel pipe, there are strict requirements. Often in high-pressure boiler tubes at high temperature and pressure conditions of use, the tube under the effect of high temperature gas and water vapor, oxidation and corrosion will occur. Require durable steel with high strength, high resistance to oxidation corrosion, and have good organizational stability.
High-pressure boiler tube is mainly used to manufacture high-pressure and high pressure boiler superheater tubes, reheater tubes, windpipe, the main steam pipe. High-pressure boiler tubes for low and medium pressure boiler (working pressure is generally not more than 5.88Mpa, working temperature below 450 ℃) of heating surface tubes; used for high-pressure boilers (above 9.8Mpa working pressure in general, the working temperature of 450 ℃ ~ 650 ℃ between) the heating surface tubes, economizer, superheater, reheater, petrochemical industrial pipe.
Hardness testing methods of high-pressure boiler tubes
High pressure boiler tube hardness testing should take into account its mechanical properties, which is related to stainless steel as raw material for the deformation, such as punching, cutting processing performance and quality.
Therefore, all of the high-pressure boiler tubes need to conduct mechanical tests. Mechanical performance testing method is mainly divided into two kinds, one kind is tensile test, the other kind is usually hardness test.
Tensile test is the high pressure boiler tube sample, high pressure boiler tube tend to sample to the fracture on tensile testing machine, mechanical properties and determination of one or more, usually only determination of tensile strength, yield strength, break elongation, and reduction of area. Tensile test is the most basic mechanical properties of metallic materials testing methods, almost all of the metal material, as long as the requirements of the mechanical properties of the high pressure boiler tube, the provisions of the tensile test. Especially those appearance and high pressure boiler tube is not good for the material of hardness test, tensile test became the only means of mechanical properties testing.
A steam boiler is a device used to create steam by applying heat energy to water.
High Frequency Resistance Welding
A continuous helical fin is attached to the base tube by high frequency electric resistance welding in order to give an efficient and thermally reliable bond. Fins can be either solid or serrated (segmented). The weld produced in this process is a true forge, blacksmith weld. This type of weld is comprised of a fusion between two portions of parent metal without the introduction of a filler material. The weld is simply produced by heating the interfaces to be joined to a plastic state and applying pressure.
Used in boilers, furnaces and fired heaters for efficient heat recovery.
High-pressure boiler tubes are frequently occurs fault because of high temperatures, affecting the entire heating system, mainly due to an internal boiler for heat treatment is not perfect, a lot of heat can not be effectively converted and timely treatment.
High pressure boiler tube hardness testing should take into account its mechanical properties, which is related to stainless steel as raw material for the deformation, such as punching, cutting processing performance and quality.
Therefore, all of the high-pressure boiler tubes need to conduct mechanical tests. Mechanical performance testing method is mainly divided into two kinds, one kind is tensile test, the other kind is usually hardness test.
Finned tubes are used in applications involving the transfer of heat from a hot fluid to a colder fluid through a tube wall.
The rate at which such heat transfer can occur depends on three factors:
- the temperature difference between the two fluids;
- the heat transfer coefficient between each of the fluids and the tube wall;
- and the surface area to which each fluid is exposed.
The basic method of rust removal
a. Cleaning
Using the solvent and emulsion to clean the surface of high pressure boiler pipe, so as to achieve the purpose of removing oil, grease, dust, lubricant and similar organic matter. But it cannot remove the dust, oxide skin, welding medicine and so on. So it is only as a supplementary method in the anti-corrosion production.
b. Tool
Tool rust removal mainly use wire brush and other tools to grind the surface of high pressure boiler pipe. It can remove loose or warping of the oxide skin, rust, welding slag and so on. Manual tool can reach SA2 level, power tool can reach SA3 level. If the iron oxide scale attached to the surface, it cannot reach the anchorage depth required by the anti-corrosion construction.
c. Acid cleaning
High pressure boiler pipe generally adopt chemical and electrolytic methods to do pickling treatment.
d. Spray rust removal
Spray rust removal cannot only remove rust, oxide and dirt completely, but also high pressure boiler pipe can achieve the required uniform roughness under the action of abrasive impact and friction force.
Spay rust removal cannot only expand the physical adsorption on the surface of high pressure boiler pipe, but also enhance the mechanical adhesion between the anti corrosion layer and the pipe surface. So spray rust removal is ideal method of rust removing for pipeline corrosion.
Boiler pipe forming include fin tube, serpentine tube and reaming welding.
Boiler tubes need take for a variety of molding in the boiler manufacture and installation process
Heat treatment methods applied in the boiler pipes
Heat treatment is a method of changing the physical properties of high pressure boiler pipe by heating and cooling. Heat treatment can improve the microstructure of high pressure boiler pipe, so as to meet the required physical requirements. Toughness, hardness and wear resistance are obtained by heat treatment. In order to obtain these characteristics, it is necessary to adopt quenching, annealing, tempering and surface hardening.
a. Quenching
Hardening, also called quenching, is that high pressure boiler pipe is heated evenly to the appropriate temperature, then quickly immerse in water or oil for rapid cooling, and cooling in the air or in the freezing zone. So that the high pressure boiler pipe can obtain the required hardness.
b. Tempering
High pressure boiler pipe will become brittle after hardening. And the stress caused by quenching can make the high pressure boiler pipe tapped and broken. The tempering method can be used to eliminate brittleness. Although the hardness of high pressure boiler pipe is lighter reduced, its the toughness can be increased to reduce the brittleness.
c. Annealing
Annealing is the method to eliminate the internal stress of high pressure boiler pipe. The annealing method is that the steel parts need to be heated to the critical temperature, then put in dry ash, lime, asbestos or closed in the furnace, then let it cooling slowly.
Comments